Feudalism was a system of governance in the Middle Ages where the land was divided among noble lords and vassals. The lords, or nobles, would grant their vassals land in exchange for service and loyalty. The vassals were expected to provide military service to the nobles and were responsible for governing their lands and providing justice. Furthermore, the vassals could also grant land to their own vassals, called sub-vassals, in exchange for military service and loyalty. This was known as the feudal hierarchy and it allowed for the lords to maintain control over a large amount of land.

Explanation

The feudal system was an integral part of the political and social structure of the Middle Ages, as it provided a way for lords to maintain control over their lands and have a ready-made army of vassals and sub-vassals to defend it. Furthermore, the system allowed the vassals to gain autonomy and freedom, as well as wealth and power, by granting land to their own sub-vassals.

The feudal system had a significant impact on the politics and economics of the time. It allowed the nobles to amass large amounts of wealth and power, while limiting the rights of the peasants and vassals. This led to a stratification of society, with the nobles at the top and the peasants at the bottom. Furthermore, it had a significant impact on the economy, as the nobles were able to increase their wealth and power by taxing their vassals and sub-vassals.

The feudal system also had a significant impact on the development of the modern state. It provided a basis for the centralization of power, as the nobles were able to maintain control over their lands and the people living on them. This eventually led to the formation of more centralized states, with the king or ruler at the top and the nobles and vassals below them.